How to Configure Microsoft 365 Business Premium to Block AI Browsers: A Complete Guide to Stopping Comet and Other Agentic Browsers

Executive Summary

In December 2025, Gartner issued an urgent advisory recommending that organizations “block all AI browsers for the foreseeable future” due to critical cybersecurity risks.AI browsers like Perplexity’s Comet and OpenAI’s ChatGPT Atlas introduce threats including irreversible data loss, prompt injection vulnerabilities, and unauthorized credential access.With 27.7% of organizations already having at least one user with an AI browser installed,the time to act is now. [computerworld.com]

This comprehensive guide provides step-by-step instructions for configuring Microsoft 365 Business Premium (M365 BP), specifically Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, to detect, monitor, and block AI-enabled browsers like Comet from accessing your enterprise resources.


Understanding the AI Browser Threat Landscape

Why AI Browsers Are Dangerous

According to Gartner analysts, “The real issue is that the loss of sensitive data to AI services can be irreversible and untraceable. Organizations may never recover lost data.” [computerworld.com]

Key Security Concerns:

  1. Autonomous Actions Without Oversight – AI browsers can autonomously navigate websites, fill out forms, and complete transactions while authenticated, creating accountability concerns for erroneous or malicious actions [computerworld.com]
  2. Traditional Controls Are Inadequate – “Traditional controls are inadequate for the new risks introduced by AI browsers, and solutions are only beginning to emerge,” according to Gartner’s senior director analyst Evgeny Mirolyubov [computerworld.com]
  3. Multi-Modal Communication Gaps – A major gap exists in inspecting multi-modal communications with browsers, including voice commands to AI browsers [computerworld.com]
  4. Immature Security Posture – Discovered vulnerabilities highlight broader concerns about the maturity of AI browser technology, with solutions likely taking “a matter of years rather than months” to mature [computerworld.com]

Prerequisites and Licensing Requirements

Required Licenses

To implement comprehensive AI browser blocking, you need: [wolkenman….dpress.com]

License OptionWhat’s Included
Microsoft 365 Business Premium + E5 Security Add-onDefender for Cloud Apps + Defender for Endpoint
Microsoft 365 E5 / A5 / G5Full suite including Conditional Access App Control
Enterprise Mobility + Security E5Defender for Cloud Apps + Defender for Endpoint
Microsoft 365 F5 Security & ComplianceAll required components
Microsoft 365 Business Premium + Defender for Cloud Apps Add-onMinimum required configuration

Technical Prerequisites

Before implementing blocking policies, ensure: [learn.microsoft.com], [learn.microsoft.com]

  • Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps license (standalone or bundled)
  • Microsoft Entra ID P1 license (standalone or bundled)
  • Microsoft Defender for Endpoint deployed and configured
  • Cloud Protection enabled in Defender for Endpoint [learn.microsoft.com]
  • Network Protection enabled in Defender for Endpoint [learn.microsoft.com]
  • Admin permissions – Global Administrator or Security Administrator role
  • Microsoft Defender Browser Protection extension installed on non-Edge browsers [learn.microsoft.com]

Multi-Layered Defense Strategy

Blocking AI browsers requires a comprehensive, defense-in-depth approach using multiple Microsoft 365 security layers:


Configuration Guide: Step-by-Step Implementation

Phase 1: Enable Cloud Discovery for AI Applications

Objective: Gain visibility into which AI browsers and applications are being used in your organization.

Step 1.1: Access Cloud Discovery Dashboard

  1. Navigate to Microsoft Defender Portal (https://security.microsoft.com)
  2. Go to Cloud AppsCloud DiscoveryDashboard
  3. Set the time range to Last 90 days for comprehensive analysis [wolkenman….dpress.com]

Step 1.2: Filter for Generative AI Applications

  1. In the Cloud Discovery dashboard, click Category filter
  2. Select “Generative AI” from the category list [wolkenman….dpress.com]
  3. Review discovered AI applications with their risk scores
  4. Note applications with High Risk status (red indicators) [wolkenman….dpress.com]

Step 1.3: Identify AI Model Providers and MCP Servers

Beyond browsers, also identify: [wolkenman….dpress.com]

  • AI – Model Providers (Azure OpenAI API, Google Gemini API, Anthropic Claude API)
  • AI – MCP Servers (Model Context Protocol servers)

Navigate to: Cloud AppsCloud App Catalog → Filter by “AI – Model Providers” and “AI – MCP Servers”


Phase 2: Configure Defender for Endpoint Integration

Objective: Enable automatic blocking of unsanctioned apps through network-level enforcement.

Step 2.1: Enable Enforce App Access

  1. In Microsoft Defender Portal, navigate to:
  2. Toggle “Automatically block unsanctioned apps” to ON
  3. This creates automatic indicators in Defender for Endpoint when apps are marked as unsanctioned [wolkenman….dpress.com]

Step 2.2: Verify Network Protection Status

Ensure Network Protection is enabled for all browsers: [wolkenman….dpress.com]

  1. Navigate to SettingsEndpointsConfiguration Management
  2. Go to Enforcement ScopeNetwork Protection
  3. Verify status is set to “Block mode” (not just Audit mode)
  4. Apply to All devices or specific device groups

Why This Matters: Network Protection ensures that blocks work across all browsers (Chrome, Firefox, etc.), not just Microsoft Edge. [wolkenman….dpress.com]


Phase 3: Unsanction and Block Comet Browser

Objective: Mark Comet and other AI browsers as unsanctioned to trigger automatic blocking.

Step 3.1: Search for Comet in Cloud App Catalog

  1. Go to Cloud AppsCloud App Catalog
  2. Use the search function to find “Comet” or “Perplexity”
  3. Click on the application to review its risk assessment

Note: If Comet hasn’t been discovered yet in your environment, you can still add custom URLs for blocking (see Phase 6).

Step 3.2: Unsanction the Application

  1. Click the three dots (⋮) at the end of the application row
  2. Select “Unsanctioned” [learn.microsoft.com]
  3. A confirmation dialog will appear indicating the app will be blocked by Defender for Endpoint [wolkenman….dpress.com]
  4. Click Confirm

Step 3.3: Verify Indicator Creation

  1. Navigate to SettingsEndpointsIndicatorsURLs/Domains [wolkenman….dpress.com]
  2. Confirm that domains associated with Comet appear with action “Block execution”
  3. Processing may take 5-15 minutes

Example domains that may be blocked:

  • *.perplexity.ai
  • comet.perplexity.ai
  • Related CDN and API endpoints

Phase 4: Create Conditional Access Policies

Objective: Route traffic through Defender for Cloud Apps proxy for deep inspection and control.

Step 4.1: Create Base Conditional Access Policy

  1. Sign in to Microsoft Entra Admin Center (https://entra.microsoft.com)
  2. Navigate to ProtectionConditional AccessPolicies
  3. Click + New policy [learn.microsoft.com]

Step 4.2: Configure Policy Settings

Policy Name: Block AI Browsers via Session Control

Assignments: [learn.microsoft.com]

SettingConfiguration
UsersSelect All users (exclude break-glass accounts)
Target ResourcesSelect Office 365, SharePoint Online, Exchange Online
ConditionsOptional: Add device platform, location filters

Access Controls: [learn.microsoft.com]

  • Under Session → Select “Use Conditional Access App Control”
  • Choose “Use custom policy”
  • Click Select

Enable Policy: Set to Report-only initially for testing [learn.microsoft.com]

Step 4.3: Save and Validate

  1. Click Create
  2. Wait 5-10 minutes for policy propagation
  3. Test with a pilot user account

Critical Note: Ensure the “Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps – Session Controls” application is NOT blocked by other Conditional Access policies, or session controls will fail. [learn.microsoft.com]


Phase 5: Create Session Policies to Block AI Browser User Agents

Objective: Create real-time session policies that identify and block AI browsers based on user-agent strings and behavioral patterns.

Step 5.1: Create Access Policy for User-Agent Blocking

This is one of the most effective methods to block specific browsers like Comet. [securityhq.com]

  1. In Microsoft Defender Portal, navigate to:
  2. Click Create policyAccess policy [learn.microsoft.com]

Step 5.2: Configure Access Policy Details

Basic Information: [learn.microsoft.com]

FieldValue
Policy NameBlock AI Browsers - Comet and Similar Agents
Policy SeverityHigh
CategoryAccess control
DescriptionBlocks access attempts from AI-enabled browsers including Comet, Atlas, and other agentic browsers based on user-agent detection

Step 5.3: Set Activity Filters

Activities matching all of the following: [learn.microsoft.com]

  1. App: Select applications to protect
    • Office 365
    • Exchange Online
    • SharePoint Online
    • Microsoft Teams
    • OneDrive for Business
  2. Client app: Select Browser [learn.microsoft.com]
  3. User agent tag:
    • Contains “Comet”
    • Or create custom user-agent filter (see Step 5.4)
  4. Device type: (Optional) Apply to specific device types

Step 5.4: Create Custom User-Agent String Filters

While Defender for Cloud Apps doesn’t expose direct user-agent string matching in the UI by default, you can leverage activity filters: [securityhq.com]

Known AI Browser User-Agent Patterns to Block:

User-Agent patterns (Create separate policies or use contains logic):
- Contains "Comet"
- Contains "Perplexity"
- Contains "axios" (common in automated tools)
- Contains "ChatGPT" (for Atlas browser)
- Contains "AI-Browser"
- Contains "agentic"

Advanced Method – Using Session Policy with Inspection:

  1. Create a Session Policy instead of Access Policy
  2. Set Session control type: to “Block activities” [learn.microsoft.com]
  3. Under Activity type, select relevant activities
  4. In Inspection method, configure content inspection rules

Step 5.5: Set Actions

Actions:

  • Select “Block”
  • Enable “Notify users” with custom message:
Access Denied: AI-Enabled Browser Detected

Your organization's security policy prohibits the use of AI-enabled browsers 
(such as Comet, Atlas, or similar tools) to access corporate resources due to 
data security and compliance requirements.

Please use Microsoft Edge, Chrome, or Firefox to access this resource.

If you believe this is an error, contact your IT helpdesk.

Step 5.6: Enable Governance Actions

  • Select “Send email to user”
  • Select “Alert severity” as High
  • Enable “Create an alert for each matching event”

Step 5.7: Activate the Policy

  1. Review all settings
  2. Click Create
  3. Policy becomes active immediately
  4. Monitor via Activity Log for matches

Phase 6: Block Comet Domains via Custom Indicators

Objective: Manually add Comet-related domains to Defender for Endpoint indicators for network-level blocking.

Step 6.1: Identify Comet-Related Domains

Based on Perplexity’s infrastructure, key domains include: [computerworld.com]

Primary Domains:
- perplexity.ai
- www.perplexity.ai
- comet.perplexity.ai
- api.perplexity.ai

CDN and Supporting Infrastructure:
- *.perplexity.ai (wildcard)
- assets.perplexity.ai
- cdn.perplexity.ai

Step 6.2: Create URL/Domain Indicators

  1. Navigate to SettingsEndpointsIndicatorsURLs/Domains
  2. Click + Add item

For each domain, configure:

FieldValue
Indicatorperplexity.ai
ActionBlock
ScopeAll device groups (or specific groups)
TitleBlock Perplexity Comet Browser
DescriptionBlocks access to Perplexity Comet AI browser per organizational security policy
SeverityHigh
Generate alertYes
  1. Click Save
  2. Repeat for all identified domains

Step 6.3: Test Domain Blocking

  1. From a test device with Defender for Endpoint installed
  2. Navigate to https://www.perplexity.ai in any browser
  3. You should see: [wolkenman….dpress.com]
This site has been blocked by your organization
Microsoft Defender SmartScreen blocked this unsafe site

This web page was blocked by Microsoft Defender Application Control
perplexity.ai has been blocked by your IT administrator


Phase 7: Create Cloud Discovery Policies for Alerting

Objective: Set up automated alerts when AI browsers are detected in your environment.

Step 7.1: Create App Discovery Policy

  1. Navigate to Cloud AppsPoliciesPolicy Management
  2. Click Create policyApp discovery policy [learn.microsoft.com]

Step 7.2: Configure Discovery Policy

Policy Template: Use “New risky app” template or create custom [learn.microsoft.com]

FieldConfiguration
Policy NameAlert on New AI Browser Detection
CategoryCloud discovery
Risk scoreHigh and Medium
App categorySelect “Generative AI”
Traffic volumeGreater than 10 MB (adjust as needed)

Filters:

  • App category equals Generative AI
  • Risk score less than or equal to 6 (out of 10)
  • App tag equals Unsanctioned

Governance Actions:

  • Send email to security team
  • Create alert with High severity

Testing and Validation

Validation Checklist

Monitoring and Reporting

Activity Log Monitoring:

  1. Cloud AppsActivity Log
  2. Filter by:
    • Policy: Select your AI browser blocking policies
    • Action taken: Block
    • Date range: Last 7 days

Defender for Endpoint Alerts:

  1. Incidents & AlertsAlerts
  2. Filter by:
    • Category: Custom indicator block
    • Title: Contains “Perplexity” or “Comet”

Advanced Configuration Options

Option 1: Device Compliance Requirements

Combine AI browser blocking with device compliance:

  1. In Conditional Access policy, add ConditionsDevice platforms
  2. Require devices to be Compliant or Hybrid Azure AD Joined
  3. Use Intune compliance policies to check for:
    • Comet browser installation (custom script detection)
    • Other AI browser installations

Option 2: Warn and Educate Mode

Before full blocking, consider “Warn and Educate” mode: [learn.microsoft.com]

  1. Set indicators to “Warn” instead of “Block”
  2. Users see warning message but can proceed (with logging)
  3. Collect usage data for 2-4 weeks
  4. Transition to Block mode after user education

Option 3: Scoped Blocking by Device Groups

Target specific departments first:

  1. In Defender for Endpoint, create device groups:
    • Finance Team
    • Executive Leadership
    • High-Risk Departments
  2. Apply indicators only to these groups initially
  3. Expand gradually after validation

Option 4: DLP Integration for Data Leaving via AI Browsers

Even with blocks, ensure data leakage prevention:

  1. Create Microsoft Purview DLP policies
  2. Target “All locations” including endpoints
  3. Configure rules to detect sensitive data:
    • Credit card numbers
    • Social Security numbers
    • Confidential project names
  4. Block upload/sharing of sensitive content

Identifying Comet Browser Technical Indicators

User-Agent String Analysis

While official Comet user-agent strings aren’t publicly documented by Perplexity, AI browsers typically exhibit these patterns:

Common AI Browser User-Agent Characteristics:

Mozilla/5.0 (Platform) ... Comet/[version]
Mozilla/5.0 (Platform) ... Perplexity/[version]
Chromium-based with custom identifiers
May contain "AI", "Agent", "Agentic" in UA string

Detection Strategy:

  1. Review Activity Log in Defender for Cloud Apps
  2. Filter for unknown/suspicious user agents
  3. Export activity data with user-agent strings
  4. Analyze patterns using PowerShell or Excel
  5. Update policies based on findings

Network Traffic Patterns

Comet communicates with Perplexity cloud infrastructure: [computerworld.com]

  • High-frequency API calls to api.perplexity.ai
  • WebSocket connections for real-time AI responses
  • Upload of page content and browsing context
  • Telemetry to Perplexity servers

Monitor via Defender for Cloud Apps:

  • Cloud AppsActivity Log
  • Filter by IP address ranges (if known)
  • Look for unusual upload patterns

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Issue 1: Blocks Not Working in Chrome/Firefox

Symptom: Comet/Perplexity sites accessible in non-Edge browsers

Solution: [wolkenman….dpress.com]

  1. Verify Network Protection is enabled in Defender for Endpoint
  2. Check SettingsEndpointsConfiguration Management
  3. Ensure status is “Block” not “Audit”
  4. Restart browser and test again

Issue 2: Conditional Access Policy Not Triggering

Symptom: Users can access M365 apps without session controls

Solution:

  1. Verify Conditional Access policy is in “On” mode (not Report-only) [learn.microsoft.com]
  2. Check that “Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps – Session Controls” app is not blocked
  3. Ensure apps are listed as “Monitored” in Conditional Access App Control [securityhq.com]
  4. Clear browser cache and test in incognito mode

Issue 3: Legitimate Traffic Being Blocked

Symptom: False positives blocking valid user activity

Solution:

  1. Review Activity Log for specific blocked events
  2. Refine user-agent filters to be more specific
  3. Create exception policies for legitimate tools
  4. Use “Exclude” filters in policies for specific users/groups

Issue 4: Indicators Not Appearing in Defender for Endpoint

Symptom: Unsanctioned apps don’t create indicators

Solution:

  1. Verify “Enforce App Access” is enabled [wolkenman….dpress.com]
  2. Check that Defender for Endpoint integration is active
  3. Wait 15-30 minutes for synchronization
  4. Manually create indicators if automatic creation fails

Best Practices and Recommendations

Strategic Recommendations

  1. Phased Rollout Approach
    • Week 1-2: Report-only mode, gather usage data
    • Week 3-4: Warn mode for user education
    • Week 5+: Full block mode enforcement
  2. User Communication Strategy[computerworld.com]
    • Send organization-wide email explaining policy
    • Provide approved alternatives
    • Create FAQ document
    • Offer training on secure browsing practices
  3. Continuous Monitoring
    • Review Cloud Discovery weekly for new AI apps
    • Monitor activity logs daily for policy violations
    • Track emerging AI browser releases
    • Update indicators quarterly
  4. Exception Process
    • Create formal request process for exceptions
    • Require executive approval for high-risk apps
    • Document business justification
    • Apply additional controls for approved exceptions (DLP, session monitoring)
  5. Defense in Depth[wolkenman….dpress.com]
    • Don’t rely solely on browser blocking
    • Implement data loss prevention (DLP)
    • Use endpoint detection and response (EDR)
    • Enable Microsoft Purview for data governance
    • Deploy insider risk management

Policy Comparison Table

MethodScopeEffectivenessUser ExperienceManagement Overhead
Cloud Discovery + UnsanctioningNetwork-wide⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐Transparent (blocked before access)Low (automated)
Session PoliciesM365 Apps only⭐⭐⭐⭐May show warning messagesMedium (requires tuning)
Access PoliciesM365 Apps only⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐Blocks before session startsMedium
Manual IndicatorsAll network traffic⭐⭐⭐⭐TransparentHigh (manual updates)
Conditional AccessCloud apps only⭐⭐⭐⭐May require re-authenticationLow

Recommended Combination: Use Cloud Discovery + Unsanctioning AND Access Policies for comprehensive coverage.


Staying Current: Monitoring New AI Browsers

AI browsers are rapidly evolving. Stay ahead of threats:

Monthly Review Checklist

Cloud App Catalog Updates

  • Review newly discovered apps in Generative AI category
  • Check for new AI Model Providers
  • Assess risk scores of emerging tools

Threat Intelligence

  • Monitor Gartner reports on AI browser security [gartner.com]
  • Follow Microsoft Security Blog
  • Subscribe to CISA alerts
  • Track CVE databases for AI browser vulnerabilities

Policy Effectiveness

  • Review blocked connection attempts
  • Analyze bypass attempts
  • Update user-agent filters
  • Refine domain lists

Emerging AI Browsers to Monitor

Beyond Comet and Atlas, watch for:

  • Brave Leo Browser (AI-enhanced features)
  • Opera One (integrated AI)
  • Arc Browser (with AI capabilities)
  • SigmaOS (AI-powered browsing)
  • Browser Company products

Compliance and Documentation

Required Documentation

Maintain these records for audit purposes:

  1. Policy Documentation
    • Policy names, purposes, and justifications
    • Configuration settings and filters
    • Approval chains and stakeholder sign-offs
  2. Change Log
    • Policy modifications
    • Domain additions/removals
    • Exception approvals
  3. Incident Reports
    • Blocked access attempts
    • Policy violations
    • User complaints and resolutions
  4. Risk Assessment
    • Why AI browsers are blocked
    • Business impact analysis
    • Alternative solutions provided to users

Regulatory Considerations

Consider these compliance frameworks:

FrameworkRelevance
GDPRData processing outside organization control
HIPAAProtected health information exfiltration risk
SOXFinancial data protection requirements
PCI DSSCardholder data security
NIST 800-53Access control requirements

Conclusion: Taking Action Against AI Browser Risks

The threat posed by AI browsers like Perplexity’s Comet is real, immediate, and growing. With security experts uniformly recommending that organizations “block all AI browsers for the foreseeable future,”the time for action is now—not later. [pcmag.com], [gartner.com]

Key Takeaways:

  1. Gartner’s Warning is Clear: AI browsers introduce “irreversible and untraceable” data loss risks that traditional controls cannot adequately mitigate [computerworld.com]
  2. Multi-Layered Defense is Essential: Combining Cloud Discovery, Session Policies, Access Policies, and Network Protection provides comprehensive coverage
  3. Microsoft 365 Business Premium Provides the Tools: With Defender for Cloud Apps and Defender for Endpoint, you have enterprise-grade capabilities to detect and block AI browsers
  4. User Education is Critical: Technical controls must be paired with clear communication about why AI browsers pose risks and what alternatives are approved
  5. Continuous Vigilance Required: The AI browser landscape evolves rapidly; monthly reviews of your defenses are essential [computerworld.com]

Immediate Action Steps

This Week:

  1. ✅ Enable Cloud Discovery and filter for Generative AI apps
  2. ✅ Review current AI browser usage in your organization
  3. ✅ Enable “Enforce App Access” in Defender for Cloud Apps
  4. ✅ Verify Network Protection is enabled in Defender for Endpoint

Next Week:

  1. ✅ Create Conditional Access policy routing traffic to MDCA
  2. ✅ Unsanction Comet and other AI browsers
  3. ✅ Create custom domain indicators for Perplexity infrastructure
  4. ✅ Deploy in Report-only mode for pilot group

Within 30 Days:

  1. ✅ Create Access Policies with user-agent filtering
  2. ✅ Enable full blocking mode organization-wide
  3. ✅ Communicate policy to all users
  4. ✅ Establish ongoing monitoring processes

Additional Resources

Microsoft Documentation:

Security Research:

Community Resources:


Impact of AI on SMB MSP Help Desks and the Role of Microsoft 365 Copilot

Introduction and Background

Managed Service Providers (MSPs) serving small-to-medium businesses (SMBs) typically operate help desks that handle IT support requests, from password resets to system troubleshooting. Traditionally, these support desks rely on human technicians available only during business hours, which can mean delays and higher costs. Today, artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionising this model by introducing intelligent automation and chat-based agents that can work tirelessly around the clock[1][1]. AI-driven service desks leverage machine learning and natural language processing to handle routine tasks (like password resets or basic user queries) with minimal human intervention[1]. This transformation is happening rapidly: as of mid-2020s, an estimated 72% of organisations are regularly utilising AI technologies in their operations[2]. The surge of generative AI (exemplified by OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Microsoft’s Copilot) has shown how AI can converse with users, analyse large data context, and generate content, making it extremely relevant to customer support scenarios.

Microsoft 365 Copilot is one high-profile example of this AI wave. Introduced in early 2023 as an AI assistant across Microsoft’s productivity apps[3], Copilot combines large language models with an organisation’s own data through Microsoft Graph. For MSPs, tools like Copilot represent an opportunity to augment their help desk teams with AI capabilities within the familiar Microsoft 365 environment, ensuring data remains secure and context-specific[4]. In the following sections, we examine the positive and negative impacts of AI on SMB-focused MSP help desks, explore how MSPs can utilise Microsoft 365 Copilot to enhance service delivery, and project the long-term changes AI may bring to MSP support operations.

Positive Impacts of AI on MSP Help Desks

AI is bringing a multitude of benefits to help desk operations for MSPs, especially those serving SMB clients. Below are some of the most significant advantages, with examples:

  • 24/7 Availability and Faster Response: AI-powered virtual agents (chatbots or voice assistants) can handle inquiries at any time, providing immediate responses even outside normal working hours. This round-the-clock coverage ensures no customer request has to wait until the next business day, significantly reducing response times[1]. For example, an AI service desk chatbot can instantly address a password reset request at midnight, whereas a human technician might not see it until morning. The result is improved customer satisfaction due to swift, always-on support[1][1].
  • Automation of Routine Tasks: AI excels at handling repetitive, well-defined tasks, which frees up human technicians for more complex issues. Tasks like password resets, account unlocks, software installations, and ticket categorisation can be largely automated. An AI service desk can use chatbots with natural language understanding to guide users through common troubleshooting steps and resolve simple requests without human intervention[1][1]. One industry report notes that AI-driven chatbots are now capable of resolving many Level-1 support issues (e.g. password resets or printer glitches) on their own[5]. This automation not only reduces the workload on human staff but also lowers operational costs (since fewer manual labour hours are spent on low-value tasks)[1].
  • Improved Efficiency and Cost Reduction: By automating the mundane tasks and expediting issue resolution, AI can dramatically increase the efficiency of help desk operations. Routine incidents get resolved faster, and more tickets can be handled concurrently. This efficiency translates to cost savings – MSPs can support more customers without a linear increase in headcount. A 2025 analysis of IT service management tools indicates that incorporating AI (for example, using machine learning to categorise tickets or recommend solutions) can save hundreds of man-hours each month for an MSP’s service team[6][6]. These savings come from faster ticket handling and fewer repetitive manual interventions. In fact, AI’s contribution to productivity is so significant that an Accenture study projected AI technologies could boost profitability in the IT sector by up to 38% by 2035[6], reflecting efficiency gains.
  • Scalability of Support Operations: AI allows MSP help desks to scale up support capacity quickly without a proportional increase in staff. Because AI agents can handle multiple queries simultaneously and don’t tire, MSPs can on-board new clients or handle surge periods (such as a major incident affecting many users at once) more easily[1]. For instance, if dozens of customers report an email outage at the same time, an AI system could handle all incoming queries in parallel – something a limited human team would struggle with. This scalability ensures service quality remains high even as the customer base grows or during peak demand.
  • Consistency and Knowledge Retention: AI tools provide consistent answers based on the knowledge they’ve been trained on. They don’t forget procedures or skip troubleshooting steps, which means more uniform service quality. If an AI is integrated with a knowledge base, it will tap the same repository of solutions every time, leading to standardized resolutions. Moreover, modern AI agents can maintain context across a conversation and even across sessions. By 2025, advanced AI service desk agents were capable of keeping track of past interactions with a client, so the customer doesn’t have to repeat information if they come back with a related issue[7]. This contextual continuity makes support interactions smoother and more personalized, even when handled by AI.
  • Proactive Issue Resolution: AI’s predictive analytics capabilities enable proactive support rather than just reactive. Machine learning models can analyze patterns in system logs and past tickets to predict incidents before they occur. For example, AI can flag that a server’s behavior is trending towards failure or that a certain user’s laptop hard drive shows signs of impending crash, prompting preemptive maintenance. MSPs are leveraging AI to perform predictive health checks – e.g. automatically identifying anomaly patterns that precede network outages or using predictive models to schedule patches at optimal times before any disruption[6][7]. This results in fewer incidents for the help desk to deal with and reduced downtime for customers. AI can also intelligently prioritize tickets that are at risk of violating SLA (service level agreement) times by learning from historical data[6], ensuring critical issues get speedy attention.
  • Enhanced Customer Experience and Personalisation: Counterintuitively, AI can help deliver a more personalized support experience for clients. By analysing customer data and past interactions, AI systems can tailor responses or suggest solutions that are particularly relevant to that client’s history and environment[7]. For example, an AI might recognize that a certain client frequently has issues with their email system and proactively suggest steps or upgrades to preempt those issues. AI chatbots can also dynamically adjust their language tone and complexity to match the user’s skill level or emotional state. Some advanced service desk AI can detect sentiment – if a user sounds frustrated, the system can route the conversation to a human or respond in a more empathetic tone automatically[1][1]. Multilingual support is another boon: AI agents can fluently support multiple languages, enabling an MSP to serve diverse or global customers without needing native speakers of every language on staff[7]. All these features drive up customer satisfaction, as clients feel their needs are anticipated and understood. Surveys have shown faster service and 24/7 availability via AI lead to higher customer happiness ratings on support interactions[1].
  • Allowing Human Focus on Complex Tasks: Perhaps the most important benefit is that by offloading simple queries to AI, human support engineers have more bandwidth for complex problem-solving and value-added work. Rather than spending all day on password resets and setting up new accounts, the human team members can focus on high-priority incidents, strategic planning for clients, or learning new technologies. MSP technicians can devote attention to issues that truly require human creativity and expertise (like diagnosing novel problems or providing consulting advice to improve a client’s infrastructure) while the AI handles the “busy work.” This not only improves morale and utilisation of skilled engineers, but it also delivers better outcomes for customers when serious issues arise, because the team isn’t bogged down with minor tasks. As one service desk expert put it, with **AI handling Level-1 tickets, MSPs can redeploy their technicians to activities that more directly **“impact the business”, such as planning IT strategy or digital transformation initiatives for clients[6]. In other words, AI raises the ceiling of what the support team can achieve.

In summary, AI empowers SMB-focused MSPs to provide faster, more efficient, and more consistent support services to their customers. It reduces wait times, solves many problems instantly, and lets the human team shine where they are needed most. Many MSPs report that incorporating AI service desk tools has led to higher customer satisfaction and improved service quality due to these factors[1].

Challenges and Risks of AI in Help Desk Operations

Despite the clear advantages, the integration of AI into help desk operations is not without challenges. It’s important to acknowledge the potential drawbacks, risks, and limitations that come with relying on AI for customer support:

  • Lack of Empathy and Human Touch: One of the most cited limitations of AI-based support is the absence of genuine empathy. AI lacks emotional intelligence – it cannot truly understand or share human feelings. While AI can be programmed to recognise certain keywords or even tone of voice indicating frustration, its responses may still feel canned or unempathetic. Customers dealing with stressful IT outages or complex problems often value a human who can listen and show understanding. An AI, no matter how advanced, may respond to an angry or anxious customer with overly formal or generic language, missing the mark in addressing the customer’s emotional state[7]. Over-reliance on AI chatbots can lead to customers feeling that the service is impersonal. For example, if a client is upset about recurring issues, an AI might continue to give factual solutions without acknowledging the client’s frustration, potentially aggravating the situation[7][7]. **In short, AI’s inability to *“read between the lines”* or pick up subtle cues can result in a poor customer experience in sensitive scenarios**[7].
  • Handling of Complex or Novel Issues: AI systems are typically trained on existing data and known problem scenarios. They can struggle when faced with a completely new, unfamiliar problem, or one that requires creative thinking and multidisciplinary knowledge. A human technician might be able to use intuition or past analogies to tackle an odd issue, whereas an AI could be stumped if the problem doesn’t match its training data. Additionally, many complex support issues involve nuanced judgement calls – understanding business impact, making decisions with incomplete information, or balancing multiple factors. AI’s problem-solving is limited to patterns it has seen; it might give incorrect answers (or no answer) if confronted with ambiguity or a need for outside-the-box troubleshooting. This is related to the phenomenon of AI “hallucinations” in generative models, where an AI might produce a confident-sounding but completely incorrect solution if it doesn’t actually know the answer. Without human oversight, such errors could mislead customers. Thus, MSPs must be cautious: AI is a great first-line tool, but complex cases still demand human expertise and critical thinking[1].
  • Impersonal Interaction & Client Relationship Concerns: While AI can simulate conversation, many clients can tell when they’re dealing with a bot versus a human. For longer-term client relationships (which are crucial in the MSP industry), solely interacting through AI might not build the personal rapport that comes from human interaction. Clients often appreciate knowing there’s a real person who understands their business on the other end. If an MSP over-automates the help desk, some clients might feel alienated or think the MSP is “just treating them like a ticket number.” As noted earlier, AI responses can be correct but impersonal, lacking the warmth or context a human would provide[7]. Over time, this could impact customer loyalty. MSPs thus need to strike a balance – using AI for efficiency while maintaining human touchpoints to nurture client relationships[7].
  • Potential for Errors and Misinformation: AI systems are not infallible. They might misunderstand a user’s question (especially if phrased unconventionally), or access outdated/incomplete data, leading to wrong answers. If an AI-driven support agent gives an incorrect troubleshooting step, it could potentially make a problem worse (imagine an AI telling a user to run a wrong command that causes data loss). Without a human double-check, these errors could slip through. Moreover, advanced generative AI might sometimes fabricate plausible-sounding answers (hallucinations) that are entirely wrong. Ensuring the AI is thoroughly tested and paired with validation steps (or easy escalation to humans) is critical. Essentially, relying solely on AI without human oversight introduces a risk of incorrect solutions, which could harm customer trust or even violate compliance if the AI gives advice that doesn’t meet regulatory standards.
  • Data Security and Privacy Risks: AI helpdesk implementations often require feeding customer data, system logs, and issue details into AI models. If not managed carefully, this raises privacy and security concerns. For example, sending sensitive information to an external AI service (like a cloud-based chatbot) could inadvertently expose that data. There have been cautionary tales – such as incidents where employees used public AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT) with confidential data and caused breaches of privacy[4][4]. MSPs must ensure that any AI they use is compliant with data protection regulations and that clients’ data is handled safely (encrypted in transit and at rest, access-controlled, and not retained or used for AI training without consent)[8][8]. Another aspect is ensuring the AI only has access to information it should. In Microsoft 365 Copilot’s case, it respects the organisation’s permission structure[4], but if an MSP used a more generic AI, they must guard against information bleed between clients. AI systems also need constant monitoring for unusual activities or potential vulnerabilities, as malicious actors might attempt to manipulate AI or exploit it to gain information[8][8]. In summary, introducing AI means MSPs have to double-down on cybersecurity and privacy audits around their support tools.
  • Integration and Technical Compatibility Issues: Deploying AI into an existing MSP environment is not simply “plug-and-play.” Many MSPs manage a heterogeneous mix of client systems, some legacy and some modern. AI tools may struggle to integrate with older software or disparate platforms[7]. For instance, an AI that works great with cloud-based ticket data may not access information from a client’s on-premises legacy database without custom integration. Data might exist in silos (separate systems for ticketing, monitoring, knowledge base, etc.), and connecting all these for the AI to have a full picture can be challenging[7]. MSPs might need to invest significant effort to unify data sources or update infrastructure to be AI-ready. During integration, there could be temporary disruptions or a need to reconfigure workflows, which in the short term can hamper productivity or confuse support staff[7][7]. For smaller MSPs, lacking in-house AI/ML expertise, integrating and maintaining an AI solution can be a notable hurdle, potentially requiring new hires or partnerships.
  • Over-reliance and Skill Erosion: There is a softer risk as well: if an organisation leans too heavily on AI, their human team might lose opportunities to practice and sharpen their own skills on simpler issues. New support technicians often “learn the ropes” by handling common Level-1 problems and gradually taking on more complex ones. If AI takes all the easy tickets, junior staff might not develop a breadth of experience, which could slow their growth. Additionally, there’s the strategic risk of over-relying on AI for decision-making. AI can provide data-driven recommendations, but it doesn’t understand business strategy or ethics at a high level[7][7]. MSP managers must be careful not to substitute AI outputs for their own judgement, especially in decisions about how to service clients or allocate resources. Important decisions still require human insight – AI might suggest a purely cost-efficient solution, but a human leader will consider client relationships, long-term implications, and ethical aspects that AI would miss[7][7].
  • Customer Pushback and Change Management: Finally, some end-users simply prefer human interaction. If an MSP suddenly routes all calls to a bot, some customers might react negatively, perceiving it as a downgrade in service quality. There can be a transition period where customers need to be educated on how to use the new AI chatbot or voice menu. Ensuring a smooth handoff to a human agent on request is vital to avoid frustration. MSPs have to manage this change carefully, communicating the benefits of the new system (such as faster answers) while assuring clients that humans are still in the loop and reachable when needed.

In essence, while AI brings remarkable capabilities to help desks, it is not a panacea. The human element remains crucial: to provide empathy, handle exceptions, verify AI outputs, and maintain strategic oversight[7][7]. Many experts stress that the optimal model is a hybrid approach – AI and humans working together, where AI handles the heavy lifting but humans guide the overall service and step in for the nuanced parts[7][7]. MSPs venturing into AI-powered support must invest in training their staff to work alongside AI, update processes for quality control, and maintain open channels for customers to reach real people when necessary. Striking the right balance will mitigate the risks and ensure AI augments rather than alienates.

To summarise the trade-offs, the table below contrasts AI service desks with traditional human support on key factors:

AspectAI Service DeskHuman Helpdesk Agent
Response TimeInstant responses to queries[1]Varies based on availability (can be minutes to hours)[1]
Availability24/7 continuous operation[1]Limited to business/support hours[1]
Consistency/AccuracyHigh on well-known issues (follows predefined solutions exactly)[1]Strong on complex troubleshooting; can adapt when a known solution fails[1]
Personalisation & EmpathyLimited emotional understanding; responses feel robotic if issue is nuanced[1]Natural empathy and personal touch; can adjust tone and approach to the individual[1]
ScalabilityEasily handles many simultaneous requests (no queue for simple issues)[1]Scalability limited by team size; multiple requests can strain capacity
CostLower marginal cost per ticket (after implementation)[1]Higher ongoing cost (salaries, training for staff)[1]

Table: AI vs Human Support – Both have strengths; best results often come from combining them.

Using Microsoft 365 Copilot in an SMB MSP Environment

Microsoft 365 Copilot is a cutting-edge AI assistant that MSPs can leverage internally to enhance help desk and support operations. Copilot integrates with tools like Teams, Outlook, Word, PowerPoint, and more – common applications that MSP staff use daily – and supercharges them with AI capabilities. Here are several ways an SMB-focused MSP can use M365 Copilot to take advantage of AI and provide better customer service:

  • Real-time assistance during support calls (Teams Copilot): Copilot in Microsoft Teams can act as a real-time aide for support engineers. For example, during a live call or chat with a customer, a support agent can ask Copilot in Teams contextual questions to get information or troubleshooting steps without leaving the conversation. One MSP Head-of-Support shared that “Copilot in Teams can answer specific questions about a call with a user… providing relevant information and suggestions during or after the call”, saving the team time they’d otherwise spend searching manuals or past tickets[9]. The agent can even ask Copilot to summarize what was discussed in a meeting or call, and it will pull the key details for reference. This means the technician stays focused on the customer instead of frantically flipping through knowledge base articles. The information Copilot provides can be directly added to ticket notes, making documentation faster and more accurate[9]. Ultimately, this leads to quicker resolutions and more thorough records of what was done to fix an issue.
  • Faster documentation and knowledge base creation (Word Copilot): Documentation is a big part of MSP support – writing up how-to guides, knowledge base articles, and incident reports. Copilot in Word helps by drafting and editing documentation alongside the engineer. Support staff can simply prompt Copilot, e.g., “Draft a knowledge base article on how to connect to the new VPN,” and Copilot will generate a first draft by pulling relevant info from existing SharePoint files or previous emails[3][3]. In one use case, an MSP team uses Copilot to create and update technical docs like user guides and policy documents; it “helps us write faster, better, and more consistently, by suggesting improvements and corrections”[9]. Copilot ensures the writing is clear and grammatically sound, and it can even check for company-specific terminology consistency. It also speeds up reviews by highlighting errors or inconsistencies and proposing fixes[9]. The result is up-to-date documentation produced in a fraction of the time it used to take, which means customers and junior staff have access to current, high-quality guidance sooner.
  • Streamlining employee training and support tutorials (PowerPoint Copilot): Training new support staff or educating end-users often involves creating presentations or guides. Copilot in PowerPoint can transform written instructions or outlines into slide decks complete with suggested images and formatting. An MSP support team described using Copilot in PowerPoint to auto-generate training slides for common troubleshooting procedures[9]. They would input the steps or a rough outline of resolving a certain issue, and Copilot would produce a coherent slide deck with graphics, which they could then fine-tune. Copilot even fetches appropriate stock images based on content to make slides more engaging[9], eliminating the need to manually search for visuals. This capability lets the MSP rapidly produce professional training materials or client-facing “how-to” guides. For example, after deploying a new software for a client, the MSP could quickly whip up an end-user training presentation with Copilot’s help, ensuring the client’s staff can get up to speed faster.
  • Accelerating research and problem-solving (Edge Copilot): Often, support engineers need to research unfamiliar problems or learn about a new technology. Copilot in Microsoft Edge (the browser) can serve as a research assistant by providing contextual web answers and learning resources. Instead of doing a generic web search and sifting through results, a tech can ask Copilot in Edge something like, “How do I resolve error code X in Windows 11?” and get a distilled answer or relevant documentation links right away[9]. Copilot in Edge was noted to “provide the most relevant and reliable information from trusted sources…almost replacing Google search” for one MSP’s technical team[9]. It can also suggest useful tutorials or forums to visit for deeper learning. This reduces the time spent hunting for solutions online and helps the support team solve issues faster. It’s especially useful for SMB MSPs who cover a broad range of technologies with lean teams – Copilot extends their knowledge by quickly tapping into the vast information on the web.
  • Enhancing customer communications (Outlook Copilot & Teams Chat): Communications with customers – whether updates on an issue, reports, or even drafting an outage notification – can be improved with Copilot. In Outlook, Copilot can summarize long email threads and draft responses. Imagine an MSP engineer inherits a complex email chain about a persistent problem; Copilot can summarize what has been discussed, highlight the different viewpoints or concerns from each person, and even point out unanswered questions[3]. This allows the engineer to grasp the situation quickly without reading every email in detail. Then, the engineer can ask Copilot to draft a reply email that addresses those points – for instance, “write a response thanking the client for their patience and summarizing the next steps we will take to fix the issue.” Copilot will generate a polished, professional email in seconds, which the engineer can review and send[3]. This is a huge time-saver and ensures communication is clear and well-formulated. In Microsoft Teams chats, Business Chat (Copilot Chat) can pull together data from multiple sources to answer a question or produce an update. An MSP manager could ask, “Copilot, generate a brief status update for Client X’s network outage yesterday,” and it could gather info from the technician’s notes, the outage Teams thread, and the incident ticket to produce a cohesive update message for the client. By using Copilot for these tasks, MSPs can respond to clients more quickly and with well-structured communications, improving professionalism and client confidence in the support they receive[3][3].
  • Knowledge integration and context: Because Microsoft 365 Copilot works within the MSP’s tenant and on top of its data (documents, emails, calendars, tickets, etc.), it can connect dots that might be missed otherwise. For example, if a customer asks, “Have we dealt with this printer issue before?”, an engineer could query Business Chat, which might pull evidence from a past meeting note, a SharePoint document with troubleshooting steps, and a previous ticket log, all summarized in one answer[3][3]. This kind of integrated insight is incredibly valuable for institutional knowledge – the MSP effectively gains an AI that knows all the past projects and can surface the right info on demand. It means faster resolution and demonstrating to customers that “institutional memory” (even as staff come and go) is retained.

Overall, Microsoft 365 Copilot acts as a force-multiplier for MSP support teams. It doesn’t replace the engineers, but rather augments their abilities – handling the grunt work of drafting, searching, and summarising so that the human experts can focus on decision-making and problem-solving. By using Copilot internally, an MSP can deliver answers and solutions to customers more quickly, with communications that are well-crafted and documentation that is up-to-date. It also helps train and onboard new team members, as Copilot can quickly bring them up to speed on procedures and past knowledge.

From the customer’s perspective, the use of Copilot by their MSP translates to better service: faster turnaround on tickets, more thorough documentation provided for solutions, and generally a more proactive support approach. For example, customers might start receiving helpful self-service guides or troubleshooting steps that the MSP created in half the time using Copilot – so issues get resolved with fewer back-and-forth interactions.

It’s important to note that Copilot operates within the Microsoft 365 security and compliance framework, meaning data stays within the tenant’s boundaries. This addresses some of the privacy concerns of using AI in support. Unlike generic AI tools, Copilot will only show content that the MSP and its users have permission to access[4]. This feature is crucial when dealing with multiple client data sets and sensitive information; it ensures that leveraging AI does not inadvertently leak information between contexts.

In conclusion, adopting Microsoft 365 Copilot allows an SMB MSP to ride the AI wave in a controlled, enterprise-friendly manner. It directly boosts the productivity of the support team and helps standardise best practices across the organisation. As AI becomes a bigger part of daily work, tools like Copilot give MSPs a head start in using these capabilities to benefit their customers, without having to build an AI from scratch.

Long-Term Outlook: The Future of MSP Support in the AI Era

Looking ahead, the influence of AI on MSP-provided support is only expected to grow. Industry observers predict significant changes in how MSPs operate over the next 5–10 years as AI technologies mature. Here are some key projections for the longer-term impact of AI on MSPs and their help desks:

  • Commoditisation of Basic Services: Over the long term, many basic IT support services are likely to become commoditised or bundled into software. For instance, routine monitoring, patch management, and straightforward troubleshooting might be almost entirely automated by AI systems. Microsoft and other vendors are increasingly building AI “co-pilots” directly into their products (as indicated by features rolling out in tools by 2025), allowing end-users to self-serve solutions that once required an MSP’s intervention[5][5]. As a result, MSPs may find that the traditional revenue from things like alert monitoring or simple ticket resolution diminishes. In fact, experts predict that by 2030, about a quarter of the current low-complexity ticket volume will vanish – either resolved automatically by AI or handled by intuitive user-facing AI assistants[5]. This means MSPs must prepare for possible pressure on the classic “all-you-can-eat” support contracts, as clients question paying for tasks that AI can do cheaply[5]. We may see pricing models shift from per-seat or per-ticket to outcome-based agreements where the focus is on uptime and results (with AI silently doing much of the work in the background)[5].
  • New High-Value Services and Roles: On the flip side, AI will open entirely new service opportunities for MSPs who adapt. Just as some revenue streams shrink, others will grow or emerge. Key areas poised for expansion include:
    • AI Oversight and Management: Businesses will need help deploying, tuning, and governing AI systems. MSPs can provide services like training AI on custom data, monitoring AI performance, and ensuring compliance (preventing biased outcomes or data leakage). One new role mentioned is managing “prompt engineering” and data quality to avoid AI errors like hallucinations[5]. MSPs could bundle services to regularly check AI outputs, update the knowledge base the AI draws from, and keep the AI models secure and up-to-date.
    • AI-Enhanced Security Services: The cybersecurity landscape is escalating as both attackers and defenders leverage AI. MSPs can develop AI-driven security operation center (SOC) services, using advanced AI to detect anomalies and respond to threats faster than any human could[5]. Conversely, they must counter AI-empowered cyber attacks. This arms race creates demand for MSP-led managed security services (like “MDR 2.0” – Managed Detection & Response with AI) that incorporate AI tools to protect clients[5]. Many MSPs are already exploring such offerings as a higher-margin, value-add service.
    • Strategic AI Consulting: As AI pervades business processes, clients (especially SMBs) will turn to their MSPs for guidance on how to integrate AI into their operations. MSPs can evolve into consultants for AI adoption, advising on the right AI tools, data strategies, and process changes for each client. They might conduct AI readiness assessments and help implement AI in areas beyond IT support – such as in analytics or workflow automation – effectively becoming a “virtual CIO for AI” for small businesses[5][5].
    • Data Engineering and Integration: With AI’s hunger for data, MSPs might offer services to clean, organise, and integrate client data so that AI systems perform well. For instance, consolidating a client’s disparate databases and migrating data to cloud platforms where AI can access it. This ensures the client’s AI (or Copilot-like systems) have high-quality data to work with, improving outcomes[2]. It’s a natural extension of the MSP’s role in managing infrastructure and could become a significant service line (data pipelines, data lakes, etc., managed for SMBs).
    • Industry-specific AI Solutions: MSPs might develop expertise in specific verticals (e.g., healthcare, legal, manufacturing) and provide custom AI solutions tuned to those domains[5]. For example, an MSP could offer an AI toolset for medical offices that assists with compliance (HIPAA) and automates patient IT support with knowledge of healthcare workflows. These niche AI services could command premium prices and differentiate MSPs in the market.
  • Evolution of MSP Workforce Skills: The skill profile of MSP staff will evolve. The level-1 help desk role may largely transform into an AI-supported custodian role, where instead of manually doing the work, the technician monitors AI outputs and handles exceptions. There will be greater demand for skills in AI and data analytics. We’ll see MSPs investing in training their people on AI administration, scripting/automation, and interpreting AI-driven insights. Some positions might shift from pure technical troubleshooting to roles like “Automation Specialist” or “AI Systems Analyst.” At the same time, soft skills (like client relationship management) become even more important for humans since they’ll often be stepping in primarily for the complex or sensitive interactions. MSPs that encourage their staff to upskill in AI will stay ahead. As one playbook suggests, MSPs should “upskill NOC engineers in Python, MLOps, and prompt-engineering” to thrive in the coming years[5].
  • Business Model and Competitive Landscape Changes: AI may lower the barrier for some IT services, meaning MSPs face new competition (for example, a product vendor might bundle AI support directly, or a client might rely on a generic AI service instead of calling the MSP for minor issues). To stay competitive, MSPs will likely transition from being pure “IT fixers” to become more like a partner in continuous improvement for clients’ technology. Contracts might include AI as part of the service – for example, MSPs offering a proprietary AI helpdesk portal to clients as a selling point. The overall managed services market might actually expand as even very small businesses can afford AI-augmented support (increasing the TAM – total addressable market)[5]. Rather than needing a large IT team, a five-person company could engage an MSP that uses AI to give them enterprise-grade support experience. So there’s a scenario where AI helps MSPs scale down-market to micro businesses and also up-market by handling more endpoints per engineer than before. Analysts foresee that MSPs could morph into “Managed Digital Enablement Providers”, focusing not just on keeping the lights on, but on actively enabling new tech capabilities (like AI) for clients[5]. The MSPs who embrace this and market themselves as such will stand out.
  • MSPs remain indispensable (if they adapt): A looming question is whether AI will eventually make MSPs obsolete, as some pessimists suggest. However, the consensus in the industry is that MSPs will continue to play a critical role, but it will be a changed role. AI is a tool – a powerful one – but it still requires configuration, oversight, and alignment with business goals. MSPs are perfectly positioned to fill that need for their clients. The human element – strategic planning, empathy, complex integration, and handling novel challenges – will keep MSPs relevant. In fact, AI could make MSPs more valuable by enabling them to deliver higher-level outcomes. Those MSPs that fail to incorporate AI may find themselves undercut on price and losing clients to more efficient competitors, akin to “the taxi fleet in the age of Uber” – still around but losing ground[5]. On the other hand, those that invest in AI capabilities can differentiate and potentially command higher margins (e.g., an MSP known for its advanced AI-based services can justify premium pricing and will be attractive to investors as well)[5]. Already, by 2025, MSP industry experts note that buyers looking to acquire or partner with MSPs ask about their AI adoption plan – no strategy often leads to a devaluation, whereas a clear AI roadmap is seen as a sign of an innovative, future-proof MSP[5][5].

In summary, the long-term impact of AI on MSP support is a shift in the MSP value proposition rather than a demise. Routine support chores will increasingly be handled by AI, which is “the new normal” of service delivery. Simultaneously, MSPs will gravitate towards roles of AI enablers, advisors, and security guardians for their clients. By embracing this evolution, MSPs can actually improve their service quality and deepen client relationships – using AI not as a competitor, but as a powerful ally. The MSP of the future might spend less time resetting passwords and more time advising a client’s executive team on technology strategy with AI-generated insights. Those who adapt early will likely lead the market, while those slow to change may struggle.

Ultimately, AI is a force-multiplier, not a wholesale replacement for managed services[5]. The most successful MSPs will be the ones that figure out how to blend AI with human expertise, providing a seamless, efficient service that still feels personal and trustworthy. As we move toward 2030 and beyond, an MSP’s ability to harness AI – for their own operations and for their clients’ benefit – will be a key determinant of their success in the industry.

References

[1] AI Service Desk: Advantages, Risks and Creative Usages

[2] How MSPs Can Help Organizations Adopt M365 Copilot & AI

[3] Introducing Copilot for Microsoft 365 | Microsoft 365 Blog

[4] The Practical MSP Guide to Microsoft 365 Copilot

[5] AI & Agentic AI in Managed Services: Threat or Catalyst?

[6] How AI help MSPs increase their bottom line in 2025 – ManageEngine

[7] What AI Gets Right (and Wrong) About Running an MSP in 2025 and Beyond

[8] Exploring the Risks of Generative AI in IT Helpdesks: Mitigating Risks

[9] How Copilot for Microsoft 365 Enhances Service Desk Efficiency: Alex’s …

Building a Collaborative Microsoft 365 Copilot Agent: A Step-by-Step Guide

Creating a Microsoft 365 Copilot agent (a custom AI assistant within Microsoft 365 Copilot) can dramatically streamline workflows. These agents are essentially customised versions of Copilot that combine specific instructions, knowledge, and skills to perform defined tasks or scenarios[1]. The goal here is to build an agent that multiple team members can collaboratively develop and easily maintain – even if the original creator leaves the business. This report provides:

  • Step-by-step guidelines to create a Copilot agent (using no-code/low-code tools).
  • Best practices for multi-user collaboration, including managing edit permissions.
  • Documentation and version control strategies for long-term maintainability.
  • Additional tips to ensure the agent remains robust and easy to update.

Step-by-Step Guide: Creating a Microsoft 365 Copilot Agent

To build your Copilot agent without code, you will use Microsoft 365 Copilot Studio’s Agent Builder. This tool provides a guided interface to define the agent’s behavior, knowledge, and appearance. Follow these steps to create your agent:

As a result of the steps above, you have a working Copilot agent with its name, description, instructions, and any connected data sources or capabilities configured. You built this agent in plain language and refined it with no code required, thanks to Copilot Studio’s declarative authoring interface[2].

Before rolling it out broadly, double-check the agent’s responses for accuracy and tone, especially if it’s using internal knowledge. Also verify that the knowledge sources cover the expected questions. (If the agent couldn’t answer a question in testing, you might need to add a missing document or adjust instructions.)

Note: Microsoft also provides pre-built templates in Copilot Studio that you can use as a starting point (for example, templates for an IT help desk bot, a sales assistant, etc.)[2]. Using a template can jump-start your project with common instructions and sample prompts already filled in, which you can then modify to suit your needs.


Collaborative Development and Access Management

One key to long-term maintainability is ensuring multiple people can access and work on the agent. You don’t want the agent tied solely to its creator. Microsoft 365 Copilot supports this through agent sharing and permission controls. Here’s how to enable collaboration and manage who can use or edit the agent:

  • Share the Agent for Co-Authoring: After creating the agent, the original author can invite colleagues as co-authors (editors). In Copilot Studio, use the Share menu on the agent and add specific users by name or email for “collaborative authoring” access[3]. (You can only add individuals for edit access, not groups, and those users must be within your organisation.) Once shared, these teammates are granted the necessary roles (Environment Maker/Bot Contributor in the underlying Power Platform environment) automatically so they can modify the agent[3]. Within a few minutes, the agent will appear in their Copilot Studio interface as well. Now your agent effectively has multiple owners — if one person leaves, others still have full editing rights.
  • Ensure Proper Permissions: When sharing for co-authoring, make sure the colleagues have appropriate permissions in the environment. Copilot Studio will handle most of this via the roles mentioned, but it’s good for an admin to know who has edit access. By design, editors can do everything the owner can: edit content, configure settings, and share the agent further. Viewers (users who are granted use but not edit rights) cannot make changes[4]. Use Editor roles for co-authors and Viewer roles for end users as needed to control access[4]. For example, you may grant your whole team viewer access to use the agent, but only a smaller group of power users get editor access to change it. (The platform currently only allows assigning Editor permission to individuals, not to a security group, for safety[4].)
  • Collaborative Editing in Real-Time: Once multiple people have edit access, Copilot Studio supports concurrent editing of the agent’s topics (the conversational flows or content nodes). The interface will show an “Editing” indicator with the co-authors’ avatars next to any topic being worked on[3]. This helps avoid stepping on each other’s toes. If two people do happen to edit the same piece at once, Copilot Studio prevents accidental overwrites by detecting the conflict and offering choices: you can discard your changes or save a copy of the topic[3]. For instance, if you and a colleague unknowingly both edited the FAQ topic, and they saved first, when you go to save, the system might tell you a newer version exists. You could then choose to keep your version as a separate copy, review differences, and merge as appropriate. This built-in change management ensures that multi-author collaboration is safe and manageable.
  • Sharing the Agent for Use: In addition to co-authors, you likely want to share the finished agent with other employees so they can use it in Copilot. You can share the agent via a link or through your tenant’s app catalog. In Copilot Studio’s share settings, choose who can chat with (use) the agent. Options include “Anyone in your organization” or specific security groups[5]. For example, you might initially share it with just the IT department group for a pilot, or with everyone if it’s broadly useful. When a user adds the shared agent, it will show up in their Microsoft 365 Copilot interface for them to interact with. Note that sharing for use does not grant edit rights – it only allows using the agent[5]. Keep the sharing scope to “Only me” if it’s a draft not ready for others, but otherwise switch it to an appropriate audience so the agent isn’t locked to one person’s account[5].
  • Manage Underlying Resources: If your agent uses additional resources like Power Automate flows (actions) or certain connectors that require separate permissions, remember to share those as well. Sharing an agent itself does not automatically share any connected flow or data source with co-authors[3]. For example, if the agent triggers a Power Automate flow to update a SharePoint list, you must go into that flow and add your colleagues as co-owners there too[3]. Otherwise, they might be able to edit the agent’s conversation, but not open or modify the flow. Similarly, ensure any SharePoint sites or files used as knowledge sources have the right sharing settings for your team. A good practice is to use common team-owned resources (not one person’s private OneDrive file) for any knowledge source, so access can be managed by the team or admins.
  • Administrative Oversight: Because these agents become part of your organisation’s tools, administrators have oversight of shared agents. In the Microsoft 365 admin center (under Integrated Apps > Shared Agents), admins can see a list of all agents that have been shared, along with their creators, status, and who they’re shared with[1]. This means if the original creator does leave the company, an admin can identify any orphaned agents and reassign ownership or manage them as needed. Admins can also block or disable an agent if it’s deemed insecure or no longer appropriate[1]. This governance is useful for ensuring continuity and compliance – your agent isn’t tied entirely to one user’s account. From a planning perspective, it’s wise to have at least two people with full access to every mission-critical agent (one primary and one backup person), plus ensure your IT admin team is aware of the agent’s existence.

By following these practices, you create a safety net around your Copilot agent. Multiple team members can improve or update it, and no single individual is irreplaceable for its maintenance. Should someone exit the team, the remaining editors (or an admin) can continue where they left off.


Documentation and Version Control Practices

Even with a collaborative platform, it’s important to document the agent’s design and maintain version control as if it were any other important piece of software. This ensures that knowledge about how the agent works is not lost and changes can be tracked over time. Here are key practices:

  • Create a Design & Usage Document: Begin a living document (e.g. in OneNote or a SharePoint wiki) that describes the agent in detail. This should include the agent’s purpose, the problems it solves, and its scope (what it will and won’t do). Document the instructions or logic you gave it – you might even copy the core parts of the agent’s instruction text into this document for reference. Also list the knowledge sources connected (e.g. “SharePoint site X – HR Policies”) and any capabilities/flows added. This way, if a new colleague takes over the agent, they can quickly understand its configuration and dependencies. Include screenshots of the agent’s setup from Copilot Studio if helpful. If the agent goes through iterations, note what changed in each version (“Changelog: e.g. Added new Q\&A section on 2025-08-16 to cover Covid policies”). This documentation will be invaluable if the original creator is not available to explain the agent’s behavior down the line.
  • Use Source Control for Agent Configuration (ALM): Treat the agent as a configurable solution that can be exported and versioned. Microsoft 365 Copilot agents built in Copilot Studio actually reside in the Power Platform environment, which means you can leverage Power Platform’s Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) features. Specifically, you can export the agent as a solution package and store that file for version control[6]. Using Copilot Studio, create a solution in the environment, add the agent to it, and export it as an unzip-able file. This exported solution contains the agent’s definition (topics, flows, etc.). You can keep these solution files in a source repository (like a GitHub or Azure DevOps repo) to track changes over time, similar to how you’d version code. Whenever you make significant updates to the agent, export an updated solution file (with a version number or date in the filename) and commit it to the repository. This provides a backup and a history. In case of any issue or if you need to restore or compare a previous version, you can import an older solution file into a sandbox environment[6]. Microsoft’s guidance explicitly supports moving agents between environments using this export/import method, which can double as a backup mechanism[6].
  • Implement CI/CD for Complex Projects (Optional): If your organisation has the capacity, you can integrate the agent development into a Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment process. Using tools like Azure DevOps or GitHub Actions, you can automate the export/import of agent solutions between Dev, Test, and Prod environments. This kind of pipeline ensures that all changes are logged and pass through proper testing stages. Microsoft recommends maintaining healthy ALM processes with versioning and deployment automation for Copilot agents, just as you would for other software[7]. For example, you might do initial editing in a development environment, export the solution, have it reviewed in code review (even though it’s mostly configuration, you can still check the diff on the solution components), then import into a production environment for the live agent. This way, any change is traceable. While not every team will need full DevOps for a simple Copilot agent, this approach becomes crucial if your agent grows in complexity or business importance.
  • **Consider the Microsoft 365 *Agents SDK* for Code-Based Projects:** Another approach to maintainability is building the agent via code. Microsoft offers an Agents SDK that allows developers to create Copilot agents using languages like C#, JavaScript, or Python, and integrate custom AI logic (with frameworks like Semantic Kernel or LangChain)[8]. This is a more advanced route, but it has the advantage that your agent’s logic lives in code files that can be fully managed in source control. If your team has software engineers, they could use the SDK to implement the agent with standard dev practices (unit testing, code reviews, git version control, etc.). This isn’t a no-code solution, but it’s worth mentioning for completeness: a coded agent can be as collaborative and maintainable as any other software project. The SDK supports quick scaffolding of projects and deployment to Copilot, so you could even migrate a no-code agent to a coded one later if needed[8]. Only pursue this if you need functionality beyond what Copilot Studio offers or want deeper integration/testing – for most cases, the no-code approach is sufficient.
  • Keep the Documentation Updated: Whichever development path you choose, continuously update your documentation when changes occur. If a new knowledge source is added or a new capability toggled on, note it in the doc. Also record any design rationale (“We disabled the image generator on 2025-09-01 due to misuse”) so future maintainers understand past decisions. Good documentation ensures that even if original creators or key contributors leave, anyone new can come up to speed quickly by reading the material.

By maintaining both a digital paper trail (documents) and technical version control (solution exports or code repositories), you safeguard the project’s knowledge. This prevents the “single point of failure” scenario where only one person knows how the agent really works. It also makes onboarding new team members to work on the agent much easier.


Additional Tips for a Robust, Maintainable Agent

Finally, here are additional recommendations to ensure your Copilot agent remains reliable and easy to manage in the long run:

  • Define a Clear Scope and Boundaries: A common pitfall is trying to make one agent do too much. It’s often better to have a focused agent that excels at a specific set of tasks than a catch-all that becomes hard to maintain. Clearly state what user needs the agent addresses. If later you find the scope creeping beyond original intentions (for example, your HR bot is suddenly expected to handle IT helpdesk questions), consider creating a separate agent for the new domain or using multi-agent orchestration, rather than overloading one agent. This keeps each agent simpler to troubleshoot and update. Also use the agent’s instructions to explicitly guard against out-of-scope requests (e.g., instruct it to politely decline questions unrelated to its domain) so that maintenance remains focused.
  • Follow Best Practices in Instruction Design: Well-structured instructions not only help the AI give correct answers, but also make the agent’s logic easier for humans to understand later. Use clear and action-oriented language in your instructions and avoid unnecessary complexity[9]. For example, instead of a vague instruction like “help with leaves,” write a specific rule: “If user asks about leave status, retrieve their leave request record from SharePoint and display the status.” Break down the agent’s workflow into ordered steps where necessary (using bullet or numbered lists in the instructions)[9]. This modular approach (goal → action → outcome for each step) acts like commenting your code – it will be much easier for someone else to modify the behavior if they can follow a logical sequence. Additionally, include a couple of example user queries and desired responses in the instructions (few-shot examples) for clarity, especially if the agent’s task is complex. This reduces ambiguity for both the AI and future editors.
  • Test Thoroughly and Collect Feedback: Continuous testing is key to robustness. Even after deployment, encourage users (or the team internally) to provide feedback if the agent gives an incorrect or confusing response. Periodically review the agent’s performance: pose new questions to it or check logs (if available) to see how it’s handling real queries. Microsoft 365 Copilot doesn’t yet provide full conversation logs to admins, but you can glean some insight via any integrated telemetry. If you have access to Azure Application Insights or the Power Platform CoE kit, use them – Microsoft suggests integrating these to monitor usage, performance, and errors for Copilot agents[7]. For example, Application Insights can track how often certain flows are called or if errors occur, and the Power Platform Center of Excellence toolkit can inventory your agent and its usage metrics[7]. Monitoring tools help you catch issues early (like an action failing because of a permissions error) and measure the agent’s value (how often it’s used, peak times, etc.). Use this data to guide maintenance priorities.
  • Implement Governance and Compliance Checks: Since Copilot agents can access organisational data, ensure that all security and compliance requirements are met. From a maintainability perspective, this means the agent should be built in accordance with IT policies (e.g., respecting Data Loss Prevention rules, not exposing sensitive info). Work with your admin to double-check that the agent’s knowledge sources and actions comply with company policy. Also, have a plan for regular review of content – for instance, if one of the knowledge base documents the agent relies on is updated or replaced, update the agent’s knowledge source to point to the new info. Remove any knowledge source that is outdated or no longer approved. Keeping the agent’s inputs current and compliant will prevent headaches (or forced takedowns) later on.
  • Plan for Handover: Since the question specifically addresses if the original creator leaves, plan for a smooth handover. This includes everything we’ve discussed (multiple editors, documentation, version history). Additionally, consider a short training session or demo for the team members who will inherit the agent. Walk them through the agent’s flows in Copilot Studio, show how to edit a topic, how to republish updates, etc. This will give them confidence to manage it. Also, make sure the agent’s ownership is updated if needed. Currently, the original creator remains the “Owner” in the system. If that person’s account is to be deactivated, it may be wise to have an admin transfer any relevant assets or at least note that co-owners are in place. Since admins can see the creator’s name on the agent, proactively communicate to IT that the agent has co-owners who will take over maintenance. This can avoid a scenario where an admin might accidentally disable an agent assuming no one can maintain it.
  • Regular Maintenance Schedule: Treat the agent as a product that needs occasional maintenance. Every few months (or whatever cadence fits your business), review if the agent’s knowledge or instructions need updates. For example, if processes changed or new common questions have emerged, update the agent to cover them. Also verify that all co-authors still have access and that their permissions are up to date (especially if your company uses role-based access that might change with team reorgs). A little proactive upkeep will keep the agent effective and prevent it from becoming obsolete or broken without anyone noticing.

By following the above tips, your Microsoft 365 Copilot agent will be well-positioned to serve users over the long term, regardless of team changes. You’ve built it with a collaborative mindset, documented its inner workings, and set up processes to manage changes responsibly. This not only makes the agent easy to edit and enhance by multiple people, but also ensures it continues to deliver value even as your organisation evolves.


Conclusion: Building a Copilot agent that stands the test of time requires forethought in both technology and teamwork. Using Microsoft’s no-code Copilot Studio, you can quickly create a powerful assistant tailored to your needs. Equally important is opening up the project to your colleagues, setting the right permissions so it’s a shared effort. Invest in documentation and consider leveraging export/import or even coding options to keep control of the agent’s “source.” And always design with clarity and governance in mind. By doing so, you create not just a bot, but a maintainable asset for your organisation – one that any qualified team member can pick up and continue improving, long after the original creator’s tenure. With these steps and best practices, your Copilot agent will remain helpful, accurate, and up-to-date, no matter who comes or goes on the team.

References

[1] Manage shared agents for Microsoft 365 Copilot – Microsoft 365 admin

[2] Use the Copilot Studio Agent Builder to Build Agents

[3] Share agents with other users – Microsoft Copilot Studio

[4] Control how agents are shared – Microsoft Copilot Studio

[5] Publish and Manage Copilot Studio Agent Builder Agents

[6] Export and import agents using solutions – Microsoft Copilot Studio

[7] Phase 4: Testing, deployment, and launch – learn.microsoft.com

[8] Create and deploy an agent with Microsoft 365 Agents SDK

[9] Write effective instructions for declarative agents